Azelaic Acid
Azelaic Acid is a naturally occurring dicarboxylic acid found in grains such as barley, wheat, and rye. In dermatology and skincare, it is a multifunctional ingredient known for its antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and keratolytic properties. It is used to treat a variety of skin conditions including acne, rosacea, hyperpigmentation, and uneven skin texture.
Azelaic Acid works by normalising skin cell turnover, reducing inflammation, and inhibiting tyrosinase — an enzyme involved in melanin production. These combined effects make it suitable for both acne-prone and hyperpigmented skin, with the added benefit of being well-tolerated by sensitive or rosacea-affected individuals. It is available both over-the-counter and in prescription strengths (typically 10%–20%).
Benefits for Skin
- Helps treat acne by reducing the growth of Cutibacterium acnes and unclogging pores.
- Reduces inflammation and redness, making it ideal for rosacea and sensitive skin.
- Inhibits melanin production, helping to fade post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation, melasma, and uneven tone.
- Improves skin texture by promoting gentle exfoliation and reducing roughness.
- Non-comedogenic and compatible with a wide range of other actives.
- May help reduce oxidative stress and support barrier repair in compromised skin.
Safety & Toxicology
- Considered safe and effective for topical use at concentrations between 10% and 20%.
- Well-tolerated by most skin types, including sensitive and rosacea-prone skin.
- May cause mild irritation, dryness, or tingling during initial use — typically subsides with continued use.
- Non-toxic and non-sensitising; no known long-term safety concerns when used topically.
- Pregnancy-safe in topical formulations, though consultation with a healthcare provider is recommended.
- Often recommended as a gentle alternative to stronger acids or retinoids for acne and pigmentation.